Yellow Peril Supports Black Power: Then, Now, Forever

Back when I was doing my undergrad at UCSD in 2011-2012, I helped found an organization in order to design a curriculum for, recruit support for, and advocate for the establishment of a Critical Asian American Studies minor, and I served as its first director. The founding of this organization didn’t just happen in a bubble though. It was the culmination of some 30 years of student organizing and a massive community-shaking event on campus. 

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In February 2010, the UCSD community went through a wave of racist attacks starting with a racist frat party that invited participants to “celebrate” Martin Luther King, Jr. Day by embrace “the various elements of life in the ghetto” while enjoying “40s, Kegs of Natty, dat Purple Drank-which contains sugar, water, and the color purple, chicken coolade, and of course Watermelon.” A few days later a noose was found inside the main library and a klan hood was found on the head of the statue outside the library. Put mildly, it was bananas.

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At that time, Black students made up just 1.3% of the university. Meanwhile, budgets were being cut at the state level leaving the UC to aggressively raise tuition while simultaneously slashing budgets of programs that support Black and Brown student. It felt like an existential death by a thousand cuts at the university. We rallied under the Black Student Union’s leadership to protest the toxic campus climate and demand decisive action from the administration in order to address those issues including fully funding student-led diversity, inclusion, and equity initiatives; the new Black Resource Center with full time staff; and investing in hiring more Black and Brown faculty hiring as well as funding the African American Studies minors. We celebrated Black History Month with nonstop direct action throughout the month up to the March 4th National Day of Action to Defend Public Education.

Guess what y’all? We won! Black students and their allies showed me something that I had already seen in throughout my Ethnic Studies classes: that when we come together and support Black people, we all win. There is no down side in fighting for justice. In fact the original demands were expanded to include Latinx and Indigenous students whose communities each got their own funding for diversity, inclusion, and equity programming, staff-supported resource centers, funding for their studies minors, in addition to the university’s commitment to hire more diverse staff. 

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This entire time while I was inspired by my Black and Brown peers. I was also surprised to see how many of my API community members had come out in support. Asian folks were reputed to be apolitical and apathetic when it came to issues of social justice on campus. This moment proved that otherwise. I began making the rounds through the unofficial undergraduate UC conference circuit. The first workshop I presented was “RECLAIM API!” in which we explored how the term “Asian American” never existed before the Civil Rights Movement of the 60’s and how “Asian American” was a political identity which we used to build critical mass and power to support our Black, Brown, and Red siblings. The second was “Stirring Waters, Building Bridges” which focused on API cross-community coalition building. Through this effort, I helped revive the West Coast Asian Pacific Islander Student Union as a channel to further politicize API communities and spur us to action in defense of our siblings of color.

Back home at UCSD, I founded the Coalition for Critical Asian American Studies in the 2011-2012 academic year. In 2014, CCAAS demanded and won APIMEDA (Asian Pacific Islander Middle Eastern Desi American) Programs and Services. Shortly thereafter, CCAAS won the commitment of the administration to hire more APIMEDA faculty, two of whom would go on to submit a plan this year to institutionalize Asian American and Pacific Islander Studies. That plan was approved June 30th in the Academic Senate and starting Fall 2020 students will be able to declare their minor in Asian American and Pacific Islander studies.

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I share this for three reasons: 1) it is never wrong to stand up and demand justice for our Black and Brown siblings; and 2) because of the work of Black and Brown leaders, we were able to successfully advocate for APIMEDA and build a stronger, more whole coalition of support for underserved students at UCSD. During this time of Black Live Matter, it is critical that we listen to our Black and Brown community leaders in identifying the problems of society and, more importantly, to their vision and re-imagination of what a just society can look like. For us ANHPI folks in 2020, this is an opportunity to get involved like never before. This is our chance to protest, to engage with our elected officials by giving public comment, to demand accountability and transparency from our government. Every 10 years, the census is conducted in order to distribute billions of taxpayer dollars to fulfill community needs such as infrastructure, healthcare, education, safe and affordable housing, and so much more. I want you to imagine what it would look like if our neighborhoods were fully funded. Let’s build a broad multiracial coalition this year and make that happen.

We are, “The Hard to Count”

As I position myself in the larger context of the Asian Pacific narrative, I find myself woven into a complicated history of United States imperialism, repossessing my Pasifika identity an ocean away from my ancestral lands. The Asian Pacific American community, still made up largely of immigrant and first/second generation families like my own, has been at a crossroad of racial tension trying to navigate the American Dream. My parents entered the country as noncitizen nationals, and years later I am piecing together what exactly this dream is that my family has followed.

I am a first generation Samoan woman. My intersecting identities are a source of power for me, a channeled connection I share with my ancestors, my family, the larger Pacific Islander community. I think often about the legacy I am leaving for future generations, and what I’m doing to ensure they are taken care of.

This process is made difficult by living in the United States, where the diversity of my community can be manipulated into a systemic barrier rather than a source of collective empowerment. Enacted under the Constitution, the decennial Census is an influential tool used to inform funding allocations totaling over $1.5 trillion between states, cities, and local entities within them. Getting an accurate count of our communities is essential to making sure this money is put towards the programs the AAPI community relies on, including Medicaid (benefiting 26% AA, 37% NHPI), Title I Grants to Local Education Agencies (over 1 million API students), and SNAP (7% AA, 23% NHPI) to name a few.

The Census is a powerful testament to the racialization of the APA narrative and cyclical patterns of resource funneling away from APA communities. Moreso, it is an example of how our identities and the diversity of our experiences can be used against us without proper representation. While this is a difficult conversation to have, I make sure to have it anyway because it constitutes an important role in my family’s healing. Navigating American and colonial structures does not mean we have to compromise our own languages, beliefs, and values.

We are, “the hard to count” because the Census is not made accessible enough to the APA community, not yet at least. Where the government has failed, organizations like EPIC (Empowering Pacific Islander Communities) and AAAJ (Asian Americans Advancing Justice - Los Angeles) have worked relentlessly to provide language support for AAPI families to better understand the Census and population demographics in a way that is culturally relevant to our growing communities. These community-based endeavors only accentuate why our participation in the Census is critical for ensuring future generations can be counted and represented accurately.

This is not simply a civic duty to the government, it is a consolidated effort for community autonomy and visibility. There is so much potential held in having every single member of our community counted in the Census. It is an opportunity to put AAPI voices on the frontlines where they can be amplified on a national scale, for mobility out of these hard to count tracts. The Asian American and NHPI populations are the fastest growing in the nation, and should be reflected in the resources distributed to our communities. This is a reassertion of my commitment to having my people counted.

Please access more information below on how to support APA communities and to get us counted!

https://my2020census.gov/

http://www.georgetownpoverty.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Fact-Sheet-AA-NHPI-HTC.pdf https://www.countusin2020.org/nhpi

https://www.advancingjustice-aajc.org/census

National School Lunch Program and Economic Divide in the API Community

If attending classes on an empty stomach has taught me anything, it’s that the Census is the one survey that everyone should fill out, whether or not they’re going to be entered in a $50 Amazon raffle. Growing up in a low-income household, I learned to make do with little. My South-Asian American immigrant parents were focused on getting bills paid. I was expected to fend for myself, while simultaneously tending to my three younger siblings. After making lunches every day for my three brothers, I usually didn’t have enough ingredients or time in the early mornings to make lunch for myself. So, most days, I’d ignore the callings of my stomach. When I did have just enough money for school lunch, there were other issues: there weren’t any options for students with dietary restrictions like me or the food would sell out before I could get to the front of the lunch line. 

This is not my past alone; this was the case for many other Asian Pacific Islander (API) students who hailed from low-income households. We couldn’t partake in the lunchtime food trading circles. While little Karen was trading her PBJ sandwich for three chocolate chip cookies and a pack of goldfish, we played on the slides to keep our minds off our aching tummies. Yet, we knew that when our stomachs would rumble in class after lunch, the “I’m not hungry” we told our more affluent friends would no longer be valid. Even at school, our imaginations weren’t enough to let us escape the harsh reality of the growing economic instability present in our communities. 

According to a study from the Pew Research Center, Asians are the most economically divided group in the U.S. Even though Asians are the one racial and ethnic group with the highest income in the U.S., it’s not a status all or even most Asian Americans share. The myth that Asians are an ethnic and racial group that is doing well overall adds just distracts from seeing that the standard of living for low-income Asians continues to decline. Out of the data available from this Pew Research Center study, there’s no mention of the PI (Pacific Islander) communities and their income levels. This further shows that there is more accurate counting of people in the API community that is needed. 

Despite how badly the API community needs to be counted in the Census, an article by AAPI Data states that based on The 2020 Census Barriers, Attitudes, and Motivators Study (CBAMS), Asian Americans were the least likely of any racial group to complete the Census. In fact, 41% of Asian Americans in the study were concerned that the answers they provide in the Census will be used against them, rather than to help the AAPI (Asian American Pacific Islander) community be accurately counted. The study established that out of all the communities of color, Asian American respondents have the most severe problems when it comes to barriers and misconceptions about the Census. The article also discussed a report released in January 2019 by the Census Bureau that uncovered barriers, which if not addressed, would lead to a major exclusion of AAPI people from the Census, resulting in massive problems for all Asian American communities, in addition to “governments, businesses, and nonprofit service providers”. The evidence is clear: if the AAPI community is not counted in the Census, families like mine, which make up a lot more of the AAPI community than the mainstream media lets on, will continue to struggle. 

One of the many federally funded initiatives for which the US Government uses Census data in order to decide how much money should be allocated towards it, The National School Lunch Program is the reason that students like me are able to go throughout the school day with at least one hot meal. The lunch program at my high school has now expanded to provide breakfast, lunch, and a “hot supper”. The Census’ data helps improve the organization, function, and efficiency of the program by better funding, which only happens if the population the program serves is counted accurately. Even during COVID-19, the program has provided free, non-contact, meal-pickups at schools. Needless to say: it is crucial that every AAPI person gets counted in the Census. We must do our part to help ourselves and our communities thrive, with a full belly, of course. 

MLA Works Cited

Cilluffo, Rakesh Kochhar and Anthony. “Income Inequality in the U.S. Is Rising Most Rapidly 

Among Asians.” Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project, 30 May 2020, www.pewsocialtrends.org/2018/07/12/income-inequality-in-the-u-s-is-rising-most-rapidly-among-asians/.

Hotchkiss, Marisa, and Jessica Phelan. “Uses of Census Bureau Data in Federal Funds 

Distribution.” Census Bureau, Sept. 2017, 2020census.gov/content/dam/2020census/materials/partners/2020-01/Uses-of-Census-Bureau-Data-in-Federal-Funds-Distribution.pdf.

Ramakrishnan, Karthick, and Janelle Wong. “Census 2020 Has a Big Asian American Problem.” Data Bits, 30 Jan. 2019, aapidata.com/blog/census2020-asian-am-problem/.

Come Claim Your Goodie Bags

“[The Census] is like planning a party and needing a head-count,” said June Lim, the Director of the Demographic Research Project at AAJC, except some don’t come to the party after discounting the invitation as immaterial. This decennial party prepares goodie bags with rations for up to ten years; yet some never find their way to its doorsteps. Who are these people? 

Half a million Asian Americans make up the San Gabriel Valley (a tract in Los Angeles County), making Asian Americans the majority (62%) in the region. But SGV is regarded ‘hard-to-count’, with the majority consisting of people who are limited English proficient (LEP) as well as elders who make up roughly 73% of LEP. 

Goodies are only gift-wrapped and distributed for those that show, and those who don’t show are left to fend for themselves for the next decade. As two of the fastest growing ethnic groups, Asian Americans and NHPI must partake in the head-count if only to receive proper proportional benefits. But to add fuel to the fire, the two communities are found to be most distrustful of the government (according to the 2020 Census Barriers, Attitudes, and Motivators Study), therefore being least likely to respond to the Census. 

The anti-immigrant sentiment spurred on for over a century by events like the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 or today’s America-first rhetoric may have contributed to this incredulity towards the benevolent nature of the Census. Considering that 67% of Asian Americans and 28% of NHPI in SGV are immigrants, most likely startled by the current administration’s attempt to add a citizenship question to the census, it is no wonder that fear takes precedence over receiving goodie bags.

The classic collective action problem can come into play as well when getting counted in the Census, which is akin to voter turnout. Only with the Census, even ‘one’ can be significant in terms of outcome―after getting counted, the fact that one can only go uphill is something that many fail to register when it comes to the Census. One must remember that truly everyone has an invitation to the party. 

Thus a perpetual loop is sown, whereby these communities receive less government support because they are undercounted while continually being undercounted because they think the government is not supporting them. Such sustained misgivings about the government, and in effect the Census, have traditionally stemmed from the older generations, but younger generations are not immune to the same rooted convictions. 

Persisting low propensities to respond to the census among the AANHPI communities must take a turn for the better―and I believe the answer lies within the youth. Youth―the 1.5 to second generations―are rewriting their narratives with a drive to include their communities in the civic process. Unfortunately, more often than not, their efforts are only being heard by those who are similarly passionate, while those who are cavalier (i.e., elders) are left to remain cavalier.

Change must come from the inside because we know our respective communities best. That may mean having difficult conversations with our parents, our grandparents about their attitudes and beliefs―whether nonchalant or vehemently opposing. I believe it is our duty as the younger generation to mobilize the older generation so that the values of civic engagement and representation can be entrenched for generations to come and only then, everyone can enjoy the goodie bags that have been prepared for them.

Building Us

I was first introduced to the Census during a dance practice. In a welcome reprieve from the sweltering summer heat, I learned how to dance to the beat of hollow Burmese traditional drums and the eerie whistles of bamboo flutes in a mirrored room of Monterey Park’s Langley Senior Citizen Center. Surrounded by Burmese people of all ages, we laughed and practiced together over traditional Burmese snacks—faluda and kaut swe thote.   

While chatting with my friends during break time, a coordinator handed each of us pamphlets detailing data of Burmese-Americans compiled from the last Census in 2010. I thought nothing of it at the time, looking through it flippantly and shoving it into my bookshelf when I got home. Even when I was asked to design a logo for a Complete Count Burmese-Americans campaign, I didn’t quite understand what the Census was, or the impact it might have—after all, I was barely 16. How could it have affected me? 

This summer, I’ve come to recognize how important the Census is, not just as a mandatory federal survey, but as something that might indefinitely alter the community that I found home in, for better or for worse.  

For some context, I am beyond lucky to have such a welcoming and tight-knit community of Burmese-Americans in the first place, and even to have such a community at all. There are over 6,000 Burmese Americans in LA County alone, the largest concentration of them in the country. It’s a community composed of immigrants, an endearing amalgamation of Burmese, Chinese, and American identities, much like the food at the weekly dance practices in Monterey Park. But we are merely 6,000 of almost five million in LA County. Thus, despite the seemingly dense enclave of Burmese Americans in the region, opportunities to connect with community members are scarce. 

I’ve fortunately found a ‘home’. Most others have not. The Network of Myanmar American Association’s Cultural Dance Academy is a completely free opportunity for anyone to participate in the sharing of Burmese traditional culture. It’s a dance academy in name and for me, but I know that for many parents and adults, it’s a connection to a home 3,000 miles across the Pacific. And for all of us, it is an integral connection to our ethnic and cultural roots as immigrants or children of immigrants. I believe that the Census provides opportunities for programs like this one, for events that allow Burmese Americans to pursue self-advancement, for us all to find community among one another. After all, it is in these groups and within these connections that we truly find solace.

I recently remembered the pamphlet that I had been given last summer, and pulled it out during an orientation on the Census project that we would be working on this summer—”Burmese Americans in the United States: Who We Are.” Flipping through it, I found statistics that only confirmed what I had previously held in my brain to be cloudy ideas. That the average household income of Burmese-Americans is almost $20,000 lower than the American average, that about 35% live under the poverty line, that only 29% of Burmese-Americans identified as speaking English “very well.” I recognized then that language access and outreach is absolutely critical, especially in communities without access to supplemental materials—language barriers are incredibly difficult to overcome, and much of that is by design. Census data is integral to our collective narrative, especially when culturally specific, in-language messengers are able to connect to a broader global community. Luckily, Burmese is one of the languages offered by the Census, but it’s not enough to assure a complete count. 

Throughout this project, and even in the future, I ask of the Census: how can it help us gain a sense of agency and rebuild communities? But I know it’s not just about the communities. It’s about increasing funding for Medicaid, Title I education grants, housing, SNAP, and many other federal programs that Burmese-Americans critically need. It’s ensuring that Burmese-Americans and other undercounted AANHPI groups have these programs to then build communities around each other.

How can I, as a Burmese-American with 3rd-grade conversational level Burmese, reach out to the communities I care about, not only in the San Gabriel Valley and beyond, and use the skills that I have at my disposal to ensure a complete count? To try my best to guarantee that others can find communities like the one I have found?

These are not questions that I can answer in a single summer, nor in a decade. These are questions I will continue to pursue throughout my life, but will start seeking solutions this summer, through CLA, and through the Census.    

The Census is Interested in You & Dissecting How to Speak About Controversial Issues With Your Family Members

“Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesn't mean politics won't take an interest in you” - Pericles

The words of the Ancient Greek philosopher Pericles apply not only to modern politics, but to the census as well. Many Americans are simply unaware of how important the census is. Census data is used to determine how federal funds are allocated. Before starting the CAUSE Leadership Academy, I too was unaware just how pervasive the impacts of the census were. The extent of my appreciation of the census was seeing it as a useful and in-depth data set that I could reliably cite in my Political Science papers. Through CAUSE Leadership Academy informational workshops I have gained a deeper understanding of why the census is important.

One CAUSE Leadership Academy activity that truly taught me about how important the census is was looking at a list of federal funds that are distributed based on census data. The list was long and contained nearly seven hundred billion dollars of funding. The list included items such as State Underground Water Source Protection and Fire Assistance funds- two state initiatives that I would have never associated with the census. The list also included many items pertaining to housing initiatives; this included housing for Native Americans, housing for people with AIDS, and housing for people with physical disabilities. I intern at a non-profit law firm in San Luis Obispo, California that practices housing law and witnesses firsthand the extreme difference between the availability of affordable housing and the high demand for it. Census data has a direct impact on where federal housing initiative dollars are spent, and making sure your community gets counted is crucial.

“Dissent is Patriotic” - Nancy Yap

Another important experience I had during week two of the CAUSE Leadership Academy was a Family Reflection activity led by Nancy Yap. Nancy Yap had the interns break into groups of two or three and share our family’s immigration story. My discussion partner and I found that even though our parents came from two different countries of origin, at different times, for vastly different reasons, there were common themes in their stories.

Nancy Yap then had the interns imagine how the experiences of our parents and grandparents may affect their socio-political views and beliefs. In today's highly polarized political climate, discussing politics with family members, especially ones that disagree with you, can be an extremely taxing task. As the younger generation of Asian Americans become politically aware and active, it is important that we learn to engage with older generations of Asian Americans. To effectively engage with a family member with different political beliefs, it is important to consider how their personal history may impact their beliefs. This empathy can lead to a more productive conversation.

A quote from the Family Reflection activity that stuck in my mind was “Dissent is Patriotic.” With Blacks Lives Matter protests sweeping the nation, a common critique I have heard is that the protesters at Black Lives Matters demonstrations are “un-American” and lack patriotism. However, I believe that dissent and the first amendment right to freedom of speech, two very American ideas, are embodied in these protests.

Putting 'American' into 'Asian-American': How the Census is a Means of Claiming Identity

I once had a Norwegian friend ask “Why are Asian-Americans so adamant about hyphenating their identity?” As a Korean born Norwegian, she said she not only felt accepted as a Norwegian of her community, but also saw herself as just one. “I’ve only ever known my hometown; I am Norwegian.” Conversely, a common conversation of my childhood was about white-washing and straddling the intersectionality of two cultures. When it comes to being Asian-American, many of my peers did not feel American enough to care about politics. However, ensuring that Asian-Americans are noted on the Census is our community’s way to claim that Asians do belong here, we exist on this land, and that we are also Americans.

Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) is the fastest growing ethnic community in every region of America. In San Gabriel Valley (SGV), the Asian American population increased by 22%, but older adults increased by 71%, bringing more acute needs to this region. As these populations grow, communities will continue to face more challenges in healthcare, housing, and education — all basic essentials that receive federally funding.

Underrepresentation becomes highly problematic for Asian communities that heavily rely on federal funding. In SGV, nearly 82,000 Asian Americans and more than 1000 NHPI lack health insurance coverage. Additionally, nearly 69,000 Asian Americans in SGV have housing cost burdens and almost half of Asian American renters and homeowners spend more than 30% of income on housing costs. On top of housing financial burdens, 1 in 5 APIs in Long Beach, Rosemead, Pomona, Paramount, and El Monte live below the poverty line. Despite the model minority stereotype, Vietnamese Americans are the least likely to hold a high school degree and hold a college degree, while NHPI are less likely than average to hold a college degree. At the national level, Asian Americans experience high disparity rates, where 1 in 4 Burmese have a Bachelor’s degree or higher, and around 62% Bhutanese and 50% Burmese lack a high school degree. Ultimately, AANHPIs have their fair share of challenges that are undermined when resources are not appropriately available due to underrepresentation.

For these communities, it is crucial federal, state, and local officials reference accurate Census data when allocating funds. The Census is used to determine allocation of funds for medical assistance programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and other health programs. The Census is also used to distribute funds to alleviate housing insecurity through Section 8 assistance and public housing capital fund. Financial assistance to education programs, such as English language acquisition grants, Pell grants, school breakfast programs, and the National School Lunch Program, all rely on Census data to accurately and fully support low-income students.

However, Asian-Americans are reported to be the least likely to complete the Census than any other demographic group. This is likely linked to the fact that they are also the least familiar with the Census content and most concerned about their information being used against them. Completing the 2020 Census will be crucial to ensure the proper allocation of federal funds and political representation needed to help communities thrive. AANHPI have been undercounted for decades due to greater challenges in stable housing, language barriers, and general skepticism of the Census. About one in five Asian American and one in three Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders live in hard-to-count neighborhoods, disadvantaging these communities’ ability to thrive. In San Gabriel Valley, 50% of all Asian Americans and 73% of older Asian Americans have limited English proficiency. In not completing the Census, however, underrepresentation of community language needs has already resulted in decreased language assistance and translations, especially for the NHPI community.

Filling out the Census is a way to explore the American half of the Asian-American identity. It requires us to be involved in history making and demanding support for our communities. It allows us to make our voices heard in both English and our native tongues. It ensures that we are seen, because we have strength in numbers. I urge you to fill out the Census for your community and emphasize its importance to the older generation around you, because without it, we may be at risk of only being seen as Asians.

The Census, Data Disaggregation, and the A/PIA Coalition

The 2020 Census presents an important opportunity for Asian/Pacific Islander American (A/PIA) communities to make themselves and their needs known to the federal government. Now more than ever, it is critical that the United States government not only addresses the needs of our individual communities, but also collects and studies properly disaggregated data to account for the diversity of experiences within the A/PIA coalition. In a time plagued by disease and a stifled economy, we must encourage completion of the Census to ensure that the most vulnerable and forgotten members of the A/PIA coalition are given appropriate support. I believe that the cycle of recognition and aid from the government and accurately disaggregated data naturally feeds into itself, but the cycle can only begin by encouraging members of our community to complete the Census and make sure they are heard in the first place.

“The Rise of Asian Americans”, an article published by the Pew Research Center in 2013, details the experiences of A/PIAs in various categories, such as income, education, religion, marriage, etc. This report generally paints a rosy picture of A/PIA achievement with robust data on the six most populous ethnic groups within the A/PIA community: Indian, Chinese, Vietnamese, Filipino, Korean, and Japanese. However, this report from the Pew Research Center fails to provide data on groups other than the six most populous ethnic groups in the US. Failure to provide data on these groups – many of whom have immigration, education, and employment experiences that are markedly different than the aforementioned ethnic groups – creates roadblocks to properly utilizing data to help the entirety of the A/PIA coalition. A 2016 article from Family Inequality on Asian American expands on these differences and illustrates important disparities in A/PIA income. Using disaggregated income data from the 2014 American Community Survey, the graphic below reveals differences in annual hourly earnings by gender and ethnicity:

The differences between groups are quite drastic and swiftly dismantle any notions of a monolithic racial group. The relative invisibility of low-income A/PIA communities from the collective American consciousness is the first of many reasons why accurate completion of the Census and the assurance of government aid are important to A/PIA communities across the country. Without disaggregated data from the Census, A/PIA communities could potentially fall victim to gross overgeneralization.

The Census takes on personal significance to me as an A/PIA residing in the Midwest. A 2019 ABC News article cites that the Midwest has shown increasingly high rates of A/PIA growth in the past decade. This massive growth can be attributed to increased refugee resettlement in the region within the last decades, comprised mainly of “those of Hmong, Cambodian, Laotian, and Vietnamese descent.” The article additionally states that Iowa and Nebraska received nearly $13 billion in 2016 through federal programs such as Medicaid and food stamps, with 1 in 5 Asian families in both states falling below the poverty line. Communities such as these struggle with visibility on two fronts: immediate stereotyping as a model minority who are thriving rather than surviving, and neglect by way of their geographic location away from robust enclaves. An inaccurate Census count risks the inability to improperly disaggregate data on the A/PIA community and identify important needs within various ethnic communities.

Convincing large segments of the A/PIA community to participate in the Census will certainly be challenging, and this does not just apply to older generations of A/PIAs who may feel jaded with their relevance to American politics or even suspicious of the federal government’s possession of their data. As my other cohort members have noted, feelings of political ambivalence are common among first-generation A/PIAs, and these are feelings that are not easily confronted. However, without an accurate count, communities within our coalition will ultimately suffer, and subsequent attempts to assist segments of the A/PIA coalition will be moot without data that can be properly disaggregated. In the face of this urgency, I personally find excitement in what the future holds as regions of overlooked A/PIAs across the country begin to make their voices heard – this new energy among Midwestern A/PIAs is precisely why I joined the CLA program in the first place. With the current Census and the upcoming election, I hope that this year can be the next chapter wherein A/PIAs around the country will mobilize for and with one another. Nico Santos once said that, “Rising tides lift all boats,” so let us give respect to those whose boats are still struggling to stay afloat.

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/asian-americans-midwest-census-new-difficult-challenge-n977901

https://familyinequality.wordpress.com/2016/07/03/on-asian-american-earnings/

https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2012/06/19/the-rise-of-asian-americans/